All of the ferns outlined below are in Walmer Woodlands

 Subclass: Equisetidae, Horsetails

     Order: Equisetales

         Family: Equisetaceae Rich. ex DC.

           Genus: Equisetum L.

                Species: Equisetum arvense, Common Horsetail

                                purchased and planted

                                worldwide distribution) (NC distribution)

                                NC State Plant Toolbox, US Forest, Wiki, Native Plant Trust

                Species: Equisetum praealtum, Scouring rush

                                purchased and planted

                                worldwide distribution) (NC distribution)

                                NC State Plant Toolbox, Wiki

Subclass: Ophioglossidae

                   grape ferns, adder's-tongues and moonworts

    Order: Ophioglossales

        Family: Ophioglossaceae Martinov

            Genus: Botrychium

                Species: Botrychium biternatum, Southern grape fern

                                Worldwide distribution, NC distribution

                                Sessa field guide not listed

                                This fern was discovered growing naturally.

                Species: Botrychium virginianum, Rattlesnake Fern

                                Worldwide distribution, NC distribution

                                Sessa field guide p. 214

                               This fern was discovered growing naturally.

Subclass: Polypodiidae (leptosporangiate ferns)

    Order: Osmundales

        Family: Osmundaceae

            Genus: Osmunda

                Species: Osmunda claytoniana L., Interrupted Fern

                    NC Native: (distribution)

Osmunda claytonia is an interesting fern because it appears to have remained changed for over 200 million years.  Fossil records showing exquisite microscopic detail indicate that this species was present at least as far back as the Triassic Period of the Mesozoic era when most of the landmasses were joined as the supercontinent known as Pangea.

Subclass: Polypodiidae (leptosporangiate ferns)

    Order: Polypodiales, >80% of ferns living today, fossil records date to Early Cretaceous period.

        Family: Aspleniaceae

                       wiki, 

            Genus: Asplenium L. ‘Spleenwort’

                Species: Asplenium scolopendrium L., Hart’s Tongue Fern

                                not a NC native (distribution)    

                                plant & spores 

                Species: Asplenium trichomanes L., Maidenhair Spleenwort

                                NC Native (distribution)

                                bare root planted in pot indoors

            Genus: Athyrium Roth 'Lady'

                Species: Athyrium angustum, ‘Lady in Red’ 

                                NC Native (distribution)

                                plant

                Species: Athyrium niponicum (Mett.) Hance, Japanese Painted Fern

                                not a NC native (distribution)

                                plant

                Species: Athyrium otophorum (Miq.) Koidz., Eared Lady Fern

                                not a NC native (distribution)

            Genus: Homalosorus

                Species: Homalosorus pynocarpos, Glade Fern

                                 NC Native (distribution)

            Genus: Onoclea L.

                Species: Onoclea sensibilis L. Sensitive Fern

                                 NC Native (distribution)

                Species: Onoclea struthiopteris (L.) Roth, Ostrich or Fiddlehead Fern

                                 not a NC Native (distribution)

            Genus: Thelypteris Schmidel

                Species: Thelypteris noveboracensis (L.) Nieuwl.

                                 NC Native (distribution)

            Genus: Woodwardia

                Species: Woodwardia unigemmata (Makino) Nakai, Jewelled Chain Fern

                                not a NC Native (distribution)

Subclass: Polypodiidae (leptosporangiate ferns)

    Order: Polypodiales, >80% of ferns living today, fossil records date to Early Cretaceous period.

        Family: Polypodiaceae

            Genus: Arachniodes Blume ‘Holly’    

                Species: Arachniodes chinensis (Rosenst.) Ching, East Indian Holly Fern

                                not a NC Native (distribution)

            Genus: Ctenitis (C.Chr.) C.Chr.

                Species: Ctenitis subglandulosa (Hance) Ching ‘So Fine’

                                not a NC Native (distribution)

            Genus: Cyrtomium C.Presl

                Species: Cyrtomium fortunei J.Sm. (died)

            Genus: Dryopteris (wood ferns, male ferns or buckler ferns)

                Species: Dryopteris erythrosora (D.C.Eaton) Kuntze 'Brilliance', 

                                Autimn Fern, not a NC Native (distribution)

                Species: Dryopteris lepidopoda Hayata, Sunset Fern

                Species: Dryopteris marginalis (L.) A.Gray, Marginal Wood Fern

                                NC Native (distribution)

                                WW: spores 

                                NC Herbarium, NC State Plant Toolbox

            Genus: Polypodium

                 Species: Polypodium virginianum L., Rockcap Fern

            Genus: Polystichium

                 Species: Polystichum acrostichoides var. acrostichoides, Christmas Fern ***

                 Species: Polystichum munitum (Kaulf.) C.Presl, Western Sword Fern

                 Species: Polystichum luctuosum (Kunze) T.Moore, Tassel Fern

Subclass: Polypodiidae (leptosporangiate ferns)

    Order: Polypodiales, >80% of ferns living today, fossil records date to Early Cretaceous period.

        Family: Pteridaceae

            Genus: Adiantum L ‘Maidenhair’

                Species: Adiantum capillus-veneris L., Southern Maidenhair

                                NC Native (distribution),

                                WW: plant / NCBG: spores

                Species: Adiantum pedatum L., Northern Maidenhair

                                NC Native (distribution) 

                                WW: plant / NCBG: spores

                Species: Adiantum venustum D.Don, Himalayan Maidenhair Fern

                                not a NC Native (distribution)   

                                WW: plant 

Subclass: Ophioglossidae

                   whisk ferns, grape ferns, adder's-tongues and moonworts

    Order: Ophioglossales

                  grape ferns

      Family: Ophioglossaceae Martinov

          Genus: Botrychium Sw.

              Species: Botrychium biternatum Underw. Southern Grape Fern.

                  NC Native (distribution) 

                  found growing naturally in Walmer Woodlands